基于D触发器的物理不可克隆函数

物理不可克隆函数（PUF）是指利用半导体制造工艺中不可避免的固有偏差，产生具有独特性和稳定性的响应结果，使集成电路芯片具有不可克隆的特性。提出了一种新型的基于D触发器的物理不可克隆函数。利用D触发器建立的时间随机分布函数产生PUF激励输出响应，并通过D触发器对的差分结构提高输出结果的准确性。实验结果显示，此PUF的性能近乎理想。与主流PUF相比，基于D触发器的PUF明显增强了设计的唯一性。     

Modified entropic gravitation in superconductors

Verlinde recently developed a theoretical account of gravitation in terms of an entropic force. The central element in Verlinde’s derivation is information and its relation with entropy through the holographic principle. The application of this approach to the case of superconductors requires to take into account that information associated with superconductor’s quantum vacuum energy is not stored on Planck size surface elements, but in four volume cells with Planck-Einstein size. This has profound consequences on the type of gravitational force generated by the quantum vacuum condensate in superconductors, which is closely related with the cosmological repulsive acceleration responsible for the accelerated expansion of the Universe. Remarkably this new gravitational type force depends on the level of breaking of the weak equivalence principle for cooper pairs in a given superconducting material, which was previously derived by the author starting from similar principles. It is also shown that this new gravitational force can be interpreted as a surface force. The experimental detection of this new repulsive gravitational-type force appears to be challenging.     

Efficient ML Estimation of the Multivariate Normal Distribution from Incomplete Data

It is well known that the maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) of a multivariate normal distribution from incomplete data with a monotone pattern have closed-form expressions and that the MLEs from incomplete data with a general missing-data pattern can be obtained using the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm. This article gives closed-form expressions, analogous to the extension of the Bartlett decomposition, for both the MLEs of the parameters and the associated Fisher information matrix from incomplete data with a monotone missing-data pattern. For MLEs of the parameters from incomplete data with a general missing-data pattern, we implement EM and Expectation-Constrained-Maximization-Either (ECME), by augmenting the observed data into a complete monotone sample. We also provide a numerical example, which shows that the monotone EM (MEM) and monotone ECME (MECME) algorithms converge much faster than the EM algorithm.     

Measuring Causal Invariance Formally

Invariance is one of several dimensions of causal relationships within the interventionist account. The more invariant a relationship between two variables, the more the relationship should be considered paradigmatically causal. In this paper, I propose two formal measures to estimate invariance, illustrated by a simple example. I then discuss the notion of invariance for causal relationships between non-nominal (i.e., ordinal and quantitative) variables, for which Information theory, and hence the formalism proposed here, is not well suited. Finally, I propose how invariance could be qualified for such variables.     

单模辐射场作用下两二能级原子的Wigner－Yanase偏态信息

研究了与单模辐射场作用过程中两二能级原子的Wigner －Yanase信息。结果表明：两原子总Wigner－Yanase偏态信息依赖于处于基态｜gg>，第一激发态（｜eg>＋｜ge>）／2和第二激发态｜ee>的概率。由于光场的作用， Wigner－Yanase偏态信息呈现出周期性的丢失与恢复现象，但原子间的偶极－偶极相互作用对Wigner－Yanase信息的丢失有阻抗作用。     

面向信息处理的维吾尔语词语分类体系及标记研究(Ⅱ)

研制《维吾尔语词语分类体系及其标记集》是维吾尔文信息处理的支柱工程．动词在维吾尔语句子构成中常常是一个句子的核心．本文在以往有关维吾尔语诃胜标注研究成果的基础上，提出了一个面向信息处理的现代维吾尔语动词体系及其标记集，并且对维吾尔语动词的形态特征、语法范畴以及短语组合功能等方面进行了详细的描述．     

情报信息系统效能评估的研究

情报信息系统效率是较难量化的指标 .本文利用斯莱伯原理 ,对多兵种兰彻斯特战斗方程进行了改进 ,探讨了兵力倍增系数变化情况 ,提出了计算指挥情报效率高低的方法 .     

Extending pricing rules with general risk functions

The paper addresses pricing issues in imperfect and/or incomplete markets if the risk level of the hedging strategy is measured by a general risk function. Convex Optimization Theory is used in order to extend pricing rules for a wide family of risk functions, including Deviation Measures, Expectation Bounded Risk Measures and Coherent Measures of Risk. Necessary and sufficient optimality conditions are provided in a very general setting. For imperfect markets the extended pricing rules reduce the bid-ask spread. The findings are particularized so as to study with more detail some concrete examples, including the Conditional Value at Risk and some properties of the Standard Deviation. Applications dealing with the valuation of volatility linked derivatives are discussed.     

基于条件贝塔信息对横截面收益的解释

以1995年6月-2005年12月期间在我国沪深A股市场上市的全部股票为样本,本文实证发现,FF三因子模型不能对横截面收益作出合理的解释。为了基于现代金融理论的基本观点对横截面收益现象作出更为合理的解释,本文利用贝塔条件变化信息对无条件的FF三因子模型进行改进,实证发现,改进后的条件定价模型对横截面收益的解释力提高了,并且该解释力在2006年1月-2008年5月、1995年6月-2008年5月期间均具有稳健性。由此得出结论认为,在解释横截面收益时,贝塔条件变化的条件定价模型是一个优于无条件FF三因子模型的模型。